Nikoloski, Dimitar (2003) Demographic Changes of the Labour Markets in Transition Countries with Reference to Macedonia. In: Regional Development and Demographic Changes in Balkan Countries, June, 2003, Nis.
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Abstract
One of the most salient effects of transitional recession on the labour market performance is the weak demand for labour which results in declining participation rates and in persistent high unemployment. In the former socialist countries, the labour market was not formally existing and all issues concerning labour allocation were centrally planed by the state. However, Yugoslavia as a former socialist country, was an exception because labour allocation was different from the rest of the socialist block. For the initial period of transition, it is important to notice the negative trend in labour force participation and employment rates, while the unemployment rate was increasing steadily. On the other hand, the second period is characterised by broad stabilisation in all three rates of labour force participation, employment and unemployment. Gender participation rates in the pre-transitional period were similar in most of the CEECs with a tendency for this gap to widen during transition in favour of the men's participation. The employment rates during the first phase of transition in almost all transitional countries, similar to the labour force participation rates experienced a rapid fall while, in the second phase of transition, the employment rates have stabilised. Taking the gender specifics of the employment structure, it is obvious that the percentage share of unpaid family workers is much higher among women than among men. On the other hand, the percentage share of self-employed is much higher among men than among women. During the first period of transition, the unemployment rates in almost all transitional countries showed a marked sharp increase. Gender unemployment rate trends are the reverse of those for employment rates i.e. the female unemployment rate is higher than the male unemployment rate. Labour markets in transitional countries are affected by striking segmentation, meaning that certain social groups such as: youths, less skilled workers, and women, face higher risk of unemployment than the rest of the labour force.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Paper) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Scientific Fields (Frascati) > Social Sciences > Economics and Business |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Economics |
| Depositing User: | Mr Dimitar Risteski |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Dec 2019 20:30 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Dec 2019 08:32 |
| URI: | https://eprints.uklo.edu.mk/id/eprint/2213 |
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